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What are Transistors?

Transistors are fundamental semiconductor devices used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. They are the building blocks of modern electronic devices, capable of controlling large currents with a small input signal. Invented in the mid-20th century, transistors revolutionized electronics, leading to the development of smaller, faster, and more efficient circuits. They are commonly used in various applications, including amplification, switching, voltage regulation, and signal modulation, making them indispensable in computers, smartphones, and numerous other electronic devices.

Transistors come in two main types: NPN Transistors and PNP Transistors, each with its unique symbol and working principle. The primary difference between these two types lies in the arrangement and type of charge carriers involved.